Sneezing during pollen season, getting itchy eyes around pets—allergies are often considered minor inconveniences by those unaffected. But for many patients, these “inconveniences” can significantly impact their overall health and well-being. Understanding allergies’ greater health effects is essential for patients and the general public.

How can allergies affect your health?

Beyond the obvious symptoms, untreated or chronic allergies can lead to more serious health issues, affecting systems throughout the body and diminishing your quality of life.

1. Respiratory Issues

Allergies, particularly those caused by airborne allergens like pollen, dust mites and mold, can wreak havoc on your respiratory system. Seasonal allergies (hay fever) often lead to mild symptoms, like sneezing, nasal congestion, runny nose and itchy eyes, that can become more severe if left untreated.

Chronic Sinusitis: Untreated allergies can lead to chronic sinusitis, where the sinuses remain inflamed for extended periods, causing ongoing facial pain, pressure and nasal congestion.
Asthma Exacerbation: For people with asthma, allergies can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms. Exposure to allergens like pet dander or pollen can cause asthma attacks, making it harder to breathe and requiring more frequent inhaler use or emergency care.
Sleep Disruption: Allergies often lead to nasal congestion, making it difficult to breathe through the nose at night. This can contribute to sleep apnea or restless sleep, leaving you tired and unfocused during the day.

2. Skin Reactions and Conditions

Allergies affect more than just the respiratory system; they can also cause skin-related conditions. Allergic skin reactions, such as eczema (atopic dermatitis) and hives (urticaria), are common in people with allergies and can result in discomfort, itching, and inflammation.

Eczema Flares: Individuals with eczema may notice their condition worsens in response to certain allergens. Scratching itchy skin can lead to open sores, increasing the risk of skin infections.
Contact Dermatitis: Allergies to substances like latex, metals and certain cosmetics can cause contact dermatitis, a red, itchy rash that occurs when your skin comes into direct contact with an allergen.

3. Digestive Health

Food allergies can have a profound impact on your digestive system and, in some cases, can even become life-threatening in cases of severe reactions.

Gastrointestinal Issues: Food allergies can cause digestive symptoms like stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. In more severe cases, it can lead to anaphylaxis, a potentially fatal reaction.
Chronic Inflammation: If food allergies are not properly managed, they can lead to chronic inflammation in the digestive system. This makes it harder for the body to absorb nutrients, impacting your overall health and immune system.

4. Impact on Mental Health

Living with chronic allergies can take a toll on your mental health. Constant discomfort, the need to manage symptoms and disrupted sleep can lead to emotional and psychological strain.

Fatigue and Brain Fog: Allergies can lead to persistent fatigue due to poor sleep quality, making it difficult to concentrate or feel energized. This “brain fog” can make everyday tasks feel overwhelming and reduce productivity.
Stress and Anxiety: Dealing with constant allergy symptoms, especially when they are severe, can cause stress and anxiety. Concerns about exposure to allergens, particularly in social settings, can increase feelings of isolation or worry.
Depression: Chronic allergies, especially when left untreated, can contribute to symptoms of depression due to the constant discomfort and lifestyle limitations they impose.

5. Reduced Quality of Life

Whether you suffer from seasonal or year-round allergies, the impact on your day-to-day life can be significant. Many allergy sufferers avoid certain activities or environments to prevent triggering symptoms.

Limited Outdoor Activities: Pollen allergies may force individuals to stay indoors during peak seasons, limiting their ability to exercise, garden, or enjoy social gatherings outdoors.
Dietary Restrictions: Food allergies can make it challenging to eat out at restaurants, attend social events or try new foods without fear. If this sounds like you, read our guide for tips on navigating food allergies.
School and Work Performance: Frequent allergy flare-ups can disrupt focus and productivity at work or school. Children with severe allergies may miss school frequently, impacting their academic progress.

6. Long-Term Health Complications

Untreated or poorly managed allergies can lead to long-term complications and chronic conditions. For instance, persistent inflammation from respiratory allergies may increase the risk of developing respiratory infections or chronic bronchitis.

Ear Infections in Children: Children with untreated allergies are more prone to developing ear infections due to fluid buildup in the middle ear, which can affect hearing and speech development.
Cardiovascular Strain: Individuals with severe, uncontrolled asthma and allergies may experience cardiovascular strain over time due to frequent asthma attacks and breathing difficulties.

Managing Allergies for Better Health

These facts may sound overwhelming, but rest assured that you can find comfort and live a healthy life with proper management and support from your local board-certified allergist. If you suspect symptoms are affecting your overall health, your specialist can help identify triggers and develop a personalized treatment plan.

Allergy testing, medications (such as antihistamines, nasal sprays and inhalers) and lifestyle changes can all help manage symptoms and prevent complications. In some cases, allergists may recommend immunotherapy (allergy shots or drops) to gradually reduce your sensitivity to allergens.

Additionally, simple measures like using air purifiers, regularly cleaning your home and avoiding known allergens can go a long way in reducing symptoms. These steps, combined with your prescribed medications and treatments, can help you regain control over your symptoms and improve your quality of life.

Live the Allergy-Free Life You Deserve

Put an end to allergy symptoms once and for all. Our board-certified allergy specialists are ready to help you live comfortably and allergy-free. Contact us today to schedule your next allergy appointment.

About Arkansas Allergy and Asthma Clinic (AAAC)

Arkansas Allergy and Asthma Clinic (AAAC) is affiliated with Family Allergy & Asthma, a network of board-certified allergy and asthma specialists dedicated to providing high-quality, reliable and lasting allergy relief. AAAC serves patients in communities throughout Central Arkansas at two convenient locations in Little Rock and Conway, Ark. AAAC is also on Facebook, Instagram and X. For more information, visit arallergy.com.